Step-by-Step Guide to Setting Up a Basic Linux Server (2025)
Linux servers are the backbone of most modern IT infrastructures. Whether it’s web hosting, file storage, or networking services, Linux offers flexibility, performance, and security. This step-by-step guide will walk beginners through setting up a basic Linux server in 2025.
Why Choose Linux for Your Server?
- Open Source: No expensive license fees.
- Stability: Known for long uptimes and reliability.
- Security: Strong permissions and frequent community updates.
- Flexibility: Supports a wide range of applications and services.
Step 1: Choose a Linux Distribution
Popular Linux distributions for servers in 2025:
- Ubuntu Server (easy to use, huge community support)
- CentOS Stream (enterprise-focused, Red Hat-based)
- Debian (stable and lightweight)
For beginners, Ubuntu Server is recommended.
Step 2: Install the Server OS
Download the ISO from the official website, create a bootable USB, and boot your machine from it. During installation, configure:
- Hostname (server name)
- Root password and user account
- Disk partitioning (auto for beginners)
- Basic software packages (SSH, utilities)
Step 3: Update and Secure the Server
Once installed, update the system:
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -yThen, secure SSH access:
- Disable root login via SSH
- Change default SSH port
- Use key-based authentication instead of passwords
Step 4: Install Essential Server Software
- Web Server: Apache or Nginx
- Database: MySQL or PostgreSQL
- Firewall: UFW or iptables
Example to install Apache on Ubuntu:
sudo apt install apache2 -yStep 5: Test and Access Your Server
Open a browser and type your server’s IP address. If Apache or Nginx is installed correctly, you’ll see a welcome page.
From here, you can configure hosting, databases, or file services depending on your needs.