1. Use Strong and Unique Passwords

Avoid using the same password across multiple accounts. A strong password should include uppercase, lowercase, numbers, and special characters. Use a password manager like KeePass or Bitwarden to store them securely.

2. Enable Two-Factor Authentication (2FA)

Two-factor authentication adds an extra layer of security by requiring a code (via SMS, app, or email) along with your password. This prevents hackers from logging in even if your password is stolen.

3. Keep Your Software Updated

Outdated software and operating systems are common entry points for hackers. Always install the latest security patches for Windows, Linux, browsers, and apps.

4. Be Careful with Public Wi-Fi

Public Wi-Fi networks are risky. If you must use them, connect via a VPN (Virtual Private Network) to keep your data encrypted and safe.

5. Avoid Clicking Suspicious Links

Phishing emails and fake websites often look genuine. Double-check the sender’s email and URL before clicking any links or downloading attachments.

6. Backup Your Data Regularly

Keep at least two backups: one on an external hard drive/NAS and one in the cloud. This ensures you can recover your files even if hit by ransomware.

7. Use Antivirus and Firewall

A trusted antivirus (like eScan, Kaspersky, or Windows Defender) combined with a firewall adds a strong defense against malware and intrusions.

8. Secure Your Home and Office Network

Change your default router password, enable WPA3/WPA2 encryption, and regularly update router firmware. Disable remote management if not needed.

9. Be Smart on Social Media

Do not overshare personal information like phone numbers, addresses, or work details. Cybercriminals use this data for identity theft and scams.

10. Stay Informed and Educated

Cybersecurity is an ongoing process. Keep learning about new threats, tools, and best practices. Awareness is your strongest defense.